INTRODUCTION Safety Audits were conducted by INTACH and SafetiPin in Delhi’s walled city of Shahjahanabad. The audits were done to assess the infrastructure and services gaps that exist in the area and to document these as objective data. This can then be used as an advocacy tool to facilitate up gradation of the area. Shahjahanabad, being centuries-old the settlement is currently facing many issues and challenges. Being densely populated housing residences and wholesale markets along with many heritage buildings; the area attracts people from allparts of the city for domestic shopping as well as national and international tourists. However, the infrastructure is inadequate to support these. The area thus is in dire need of redevelopment. METHODOLOGY The audits were carried out using the SafetiPin App. SafetiPin is a map-based mobile phone application, which works to make communities and cities safer by providing safety-related information collected by users and by trained auditors. At the core of the app is the Women’s Safety Audit. A Women’s Safety Audit (WSA) is a participatory tool for collecting and assessing information about perceptions of urbansafety in public spaces. The audit is based on nine parameters – Lighting, Openness, Visibility, Crowd, Security, Walk path, Availability of Public Transport, Gender Usage of Public Spaces and Feeling. The audits were done in the evening hours of 5pm-10pm on nine selected routes inside Shahjahanabad, to evaluate the level of safety andidentify ways to improve it. A total of 280 audit pins and 16 hazard pins were collected. SHAHJAHANABADAn Overview of Findings Safety Audits of the nine areas of Shahjahanabad indicate that the area offers basic safety in the evening hours. Each of the nine areas studied is different from the other. While the Jama Masjid, Red Fort and Chandni Chowk have been planned with a certain grandeur, the streets being used for commerce as well as residential purposes have a more intimate scale. The varying scales and uses have a direct relation with the perceived feeling of safety. While the parameters of gender usage and security are rated poorly, the area fares average in all other parameters. However, due to extreme congestion, open drains and litter, and fewer women using these spaces, these areas feel uncomfortable. Safety Audits reveal that certain issues are common across all nine areas. The exposed electrical wires are a major threat to life and property. In many places, they are very close to the windows of buildings and also hanging very low in the streets. Another major issue is the loading/unloading of goods taking place throughout the day. This adds to the congestion on the streets already choked with vehicles. Download Full Report in PDF Click Here
Women in Indian cities face sexual harassment on public transport systems with terrible regularity. Even though these crimes are common place, there is little or no official data on the massive scale of the problem in Lucknow. Victims rarely come forward to register their complaints with the police due to inconvenience, sense of shame or fear of being targeted by the offender. Under-reporting of cases of sexual harassment is a global phenomenon, and especially true of developing countries where a combination of conservatism, lack of police training, and poor sensitisation of state agencies discourages women from coming forward to register their complaints. In such a scenario, sexual victimisation surveys where respondents can share their experiences anonymously are an accepted form of investigation to guide policy making on the issue.In order to lift the veil from this dark shadow of crime against women, Lucknow-based Safe Safar in partnership with Department of Security and Crime Science at University College London (UCL) conducted a comprehensive study on sexual victimisation of women on public transport in Lucknow. Over a period of three months, a long-form survey and a specially developed smart phone app called SafetiPin were designed to collect data on multiple facets of sexual harassment ranging from nature of offences, profile of offenders and the sense of fear amongst women in Lucknow while using public transport. The respondents were young, educated women with an average age of 24 years who travel every day for work or education. The study was conducted by a research scholar from UCL, volunteers of Safe Safar, and students of Social Work Studies at Lucknow University. The survey instrument used in the study was of global standards, and followed a format similar to the National Crime Victimisation Survey (NCVS) used in the United States, and British Crime Survey (BCS) in the United Kingdom. It was especially designed by Dr Herve Borrion, Dr Jyoti Belur and Kartikeya Tripathi – all three leading academics in the field from UCL. Zeeshan Mohammad, Shariq Ahmad, Abhishek Balodi from Safe Safar supported this study in Lucknow. The survey used new definitions of sexual harassment framed by the central government after the brutal Delhi gang rape case as a basis to solicit information from the respondents. One of the aims of the study was to get information not only on serious cases of sexual assault but also on every day incidents of sexual harassment that go largely unreported. All the information supplied by the respondents was voluntary, and obtained through informed consent. The mobile phone app, SafetiPin was used by 10 volunteers to record their feelings of safety or insecurity while waiting for or using public transport. The volunteers conducted 309 audits in total that recorded the experiential aspects of a particular spot on parameters such as lighting, quick availability of transport, feeling of safety, and crowding. On analysis of the data it was found that none of the parameters scored more than 3.2 on a scale of 10. This shows a general feeling of insecurity and anxiety while using public transport in Lucknow.The research was conducted with an eye on the Lucknow Metro rail which will start its system operations from 2016. All the data collection was done along the proposed route of the metro rail line. The introduction of metro rail in Delhi contributed to safety and security of women, encouraging them to go out confidently for work and social engagements. It is hoped that Lucknow Metro too will bring a similar social change to the city. Studies like this are necessary to keep our focus on the fact that women continue to suffer in silence. Respondents reported regularly being victims of unwanted physical touch, sexual remarks, video-filming on the Vikram, bus and rickshaw in Lucknow. They also spoke of deep dissatisfaction with police in tackling common cases of harassment. An interesting finding was that all the women who were surveyed expressed an unwillingness to lodge a formal complaint at a police station, but an overwhelming majority of them wanted to report cases anonymously through modern technology like apps, social media and mobile phones. This is a challenge for government and law enforcement agencies to find ways to record crimes of street level harassment against women in a manner that women find comfortable. As long as that does not happen, the state agencies will continue to work with inadequate data which is insufficient for proper planning for crime prevention, reduction and prosecution.UCL and Safe Safar are optimistic that the study will assist police, Lucknow Metro Rail, and other policy makers to get an estimate of crimes against women on public transport in Lucknow, and use the same for future planning. Key findings of the study are: On Harassment • 82% women said that fellow male passengers had passed sexual comments during their travel, • 71% said men sang lewd songs on seeing them, • 66% reported whistling by men• One respondent reported being victim of unwanted touching on public transport in Lucknow as many as 60 times in the past six months• Vikram is the most common mode of transport for women with more than half of respondents (56%) using it every day, but only one-fifth (21%) said they felt secure during the journey• Women experienced strangers using smart phones to make their videos during travel • The women felt that travelling alone (73%), Clothes they were wearing (64%), Age (53%) made harassment more likely• Harassment took place at all times during the day, and all throughout the yearOn Feeling of Safety• SafetiPin App was used to conduct 314 audits by volunteers to rate sense of security at 314 different spots of public transport usage• None of the parameters such as lighting, sense of security, easy availability of transport scored more than 3.2 on a scale of 10. This is a low score for quality of public transport in a city. On Reporting of Crime • All the respondents (100%) wanted to report the crime anonymously. Most of them wanted to use a phone to report the crime• None of the respondents (0%) wanted to go to a police station and register a complaintOn Measures Taken by Women to Feel Safe• 83% of the women carried a mobile phone with them to feel safe• 76% women had tried to learn self-defence to feel safeOn Police• More than half the women (55%) were dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with the police in preventing sexual harassment cases or with arresting the culprits• 56% of the women said that offenders rarely or never get caught by the police On Lucknow Metro Rail • 98% of the women said they will use the new Lucknow Metro Rail system• 62% of the women said they will use the new Lucknow Metro Rail system every day Download Full Report in PDF Click Here
Introduction On the night of 16th December 54 representatives from various civil society organisations including Jagori, Safetipin, CFAR, Lawyers Collective, NFIW, AIPWA, Action India, Reclaim the Night, CHSJ, SNS, Samarthyam, Nirantar, Breakthrough, Women's Feature Service, Sakha Cabs, Azad Foundation, Miranda House, Kamla Nehru and several eminent women - Indira Jaising (Former Addl. Solicitor General, GOI), Vrinda Grover (Advocate Supreme Court), Kavita Krishnan, Annie Raja, Pamela Philipose, Kiran Shaheen, Meenu Vadera, Bijaylakshmi Nanda, Suneeta Dhar and Kalpana Viswanath, Anjalee - joined together with to conduct safety audits in New Delhi. Through this collective safety audit drive approximately 60 kilometres of roads were covered in Delhi and data was recorded on the gaps that exist in public infrastructure, social usage of public space, public transport and policing. The data was collected using Safetipin a mobile application for conducting safety audits. We were able to conduct 146 safety audits, along with observation and speaking to people on the streets, in public transport and waiting for public transport. The audits were conducted using various modes of public transport such as taxis, buses and metro. Each group covered their designated route using all 3 modes of transport and also walked parts of the route. The group audited four routes covering the North, South, East and West Delhi. The four routes were: • Civil Lines Metro Station to Jehangir Puri Metro Station covering a distance of approximately 9.2 kilometres. • Munirka Bus Stop to Mahipalpur a distance of approximately 7.6 kilometres. • Rajiv Chowk Metro Station to The Great India Place Mall in Sector 18, NOIDA and an additional route through Baba Kharak Singh Marg, CP, distance of approximately 20 • Shanti Niketan Bus Stop to Inderlok Metro Station a distance of 16.2 Kilometres. The four routes were chosen so that diverse demographics could be covered across the city. The Murnirka to Mahipalpur route was covered so that data could be re-collected on the situation of infrastructure in the area after the horrific gang rape that happened there exactly two years ago. The Shanti Niketan to Inderlok route collected observations of the recent 5th December assault on a women in a private taxi that brought attention back to the issue of women’s safety in the city. The two other routes covered the University of Delhi and also the NCR region of NOIDA. Download Complete Report on Safety Audits Delhi 16 December 2014
The use of public spaces in a city by women is determined by many factors such as access, safety, time of day, geographical and architectural arrangements and social beliefs and cultural narratives regarding the presence of women in public spaces. Providing information about localities and facilities in public spaces is one step towards creating safety for the residents of the city and increasing mobility especially for women. Final Year students of B.Sc. (H) Home Science from the Department of Human Development and Childhood Studies, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi conducted Safety Audit walks as a part of their paper on ‘Gender and Social Justice’. This was done in collaboration with Safetipin a mobile Application that collects safety data from across various cities in the world and Jagori a Women’s' rights NGO. Ms. Rashee Mehra, from the Safetipin team briefed the students about the app in a workshop held at the college. In this session the topic of gender and mobility was introduced and discussed. A common id representing IHE was created on the Safetipin app, which was used by the students to conduct safety audit walks. The audit was conducted through walks on streets near the college campus using the ‘Safetipin’ Application. The routes that were covered (in two groups) by the students were: ROUTE 1 Date: 20 January 2015 Time: 5:30 to 7pm Areas Observed: Shahpur Jat -‐> Sirifort Sports Complex -‐> Gulmohar Park -‐> Hauz Khas Police Station -‐>Mayfair Garden ROUTE2 Date: 20 January 2015 Time: 5:30 to 7pm Areas observed: Shahpur Jat-> Gulmohar Park ->NIFT ->Hauz Khas Market-> Mayfair Garden->IHE ROUTE 3 Date: 27th January 2015 Time: 2:20 Areas observed: IIT Delhi->Mother’s International School-> Kalu Sarai-> Hauz Khas bus terminal->Sarvpriya Vihar->IHE Route4 Date: 27th January 2015 Time: 2:20 Areas observed: SDA market->Padmini Enclave-> Green Park-> National Association of Blind Office-> Chor Minar->Mayfair Garden Download Complete IHE Safety Audit Report
The Jagori ‘Safetipin’ initiative was launched in July 2014 with the hope of transforming our cities into safer places, with special focus on urban slums of the southeast district of Delhi. As part of the process, women from Badarpur, a municipal ward in south-east were engaged with support from Jagori and Safetipin to conduct safety audits and conduct a pilot using the mobile application in the low-income community, The initiative focused on the examining how safe the areas in and around Badarpur are for women, by analyzing various aspects such as infrastructure, transportation, presence of police force, feeling of safety etc. For this, safety audits were conducted using the Safetipin mobile application. The routes audited for this initiative are: 1. Mathura Road, Mohan Cooperative Industrial Estate 2. Mathura Road, Molarband Extention 3. Kalindi Kunj, Mithapur Road 4. Jaitpur Road, Tajpur Pahadi For the Safetipin initiative, the auditors pinned a total of 412 safety information points on the selected routes of which there are 299 safety audit pins, 70 hazards pins, 19 harassment pins, 21 places and 3 feeling pins. These pins were collected between 5-9pm during a period of 3 months. Safety Audit A Women’s Safety Audit (WSA) is a participatory tool for collecting and assessing information about perceptions of urban safety in public spaces. It is a powerful tool for change, which can bring together an entire community to work to improve their quality of life. WSAs help create a safer and more comfortable environment for women, and other vulnerable group of people – for everyone (METRAC, 1998). It is process which brings people together to walk through a physical environment, evaluate how safe it feels, and identify ways to make it safer (WISE 2005). This is based on the premise that users of space are expert in understanding how they experience and feel about it. Streetlight Gender Usage Walk path Security Findings and Analysis The area surrounding Badarpur falls under South Delhi district, one of the affluent belts in the city. However, with poor lighting, lack of public and private security, lack of openness and low gender diversity in the area, the areas is perceived as unsafe, especially by women. The graph below (Graph1) indicates the average score of each safety audit parameter: Findings from the safety audits show that all the audit parameters except for public transport are below average, with 4 parameters being particularly low–openness of the area, street lights, presence of public and/or private security and gender diversity in the area. All the other parameters such visibility, presence of people, walk path, availability of public transport and feeling of safety score higher in relation to others. However, they all score below average. Download Complete Safety Badarpur Report.
The rapid pace and nature of urbanization taking place throughout the world has thrown up new challenges for governments, and their populations as well as social scientists and activists. Urban spaces provide new opportunities for people to build their homes and lives, but at the same time reinforce existing inequalities and often create new ones. There is increasing concern about women's safety in cities over the past few years. Creating safety involves much more than just responding to violence. It is important to create the conditions by which women are able to move about safely and without fear of violence or assault. Research has shown that many factors play a role in determining women’s access to the city including urban design and planning, community involvement, improved policing, usage of space etc. Keeping this in mind, we developed the mobile app and online platform Safetipin which collects information about public spaces through a safety audit that can be done by anyone, anywhere in the world. In cities everywhere in the world, women's safety in public spaces is becoming a growing concern. Safetipin is a free app and can be downloaded from the App store or Google play. At the core of Safetipin is the safety audit that measures nine parameters including lighting, the state of the walk path, as well as the presence of people and specifically women, on the streets and 'eyes on the street'. Each audit appears as a pin on the map and is used to compute the Safety Score of an area. This report examines the data from eight cities in India - Delhi, Kochi, Trivandrum, Calicut, Pune, Chennai, Guwahati and Jaipur. In all the cities, audits were done by trained volunteers over a period of a few months. Delhi being the place where Safetipin was introduced in 2013 has a much larger number of audits. In each city, a local NGO was a partner in the data collection and a minimum of 800 audits were conducted to provide enough data for analysis. Download Complete 8 Cities Safety Reports
DELHI NCR The National( Capital( Region (NCR) in India is the designation for the metropolitan area which encompasses New Delhi, as well as urban areas surrounding it in neighboring states of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.NCR is India's largest and the world's second largest agglomeration with a population of over 21.7 million according to the 2011 Census. The share of urban population in NCR has been rising from 50.2% in 1991 to 62.5% in 2011 and the rural population declined in the same proportion. The sex ratio in Delhi is 868, which is below the national average of 940 as per census 2011. Delhi per capita income though among the highest in the country, masks the great inequality there is in the city. Literacy rate in Delhi has seen upward trend and is 86.21 percent as per 2011 population census. Of that, male literacy stands at 90.94 percent while female literacy is at 68.85 percent. There are several reputed universities in the city and institutes of higher learning that attract students from all over the country and even globally. The literacy rate also belies inequality both in terms of gender and class. The Public Perception Survey undertaken for the Delhi Human Development Report (HDR) in 2013 shows that over 70% of the illiteracy is concentrated in jhuggi jhopdi clusters, resettlement areas and urban villages. The migration rates were very high in the last decade and have stabilised now. Female workforce participation rates are very low in the city, with 11% reported in the 2011 census. While the overall housing situation is reported to be improving, there still exist a large number of homeless in the city, approximately 50,000 according to the Delhi HDR. Also, in the slum and resettlement areas, provision of services especially water and sanitation is extremely poor. Delhi accounts for 15.4% of crime against women in Indian cities. Delhi has witnessed an 18.3 per cent rise in crime against women in 2014 as compared to 2013, with a 31.6 per cent rise in rape cases. Delhi (5,194 cases) has accounted for 14.2% of total such crimes. Since the gruesome gang rape case in December 2012, we have seen a tremendous increase in reporting of rape and violence against women. This can be seen as due to increased awareness and better systems of reporting within the police. The post 2012 period also saw improvements to transport and installation of CCTV's and other responses to address the concerns of women's safety. Findings from Safety Audits In Delhi NCR, safety audits were carried out from September 2013 and major parts of the city have been covered. The idea was to cover residential spaces, university area, popular markets, main roads and ring roads, bus terminals and metro stations. Safety audits were done in all parts of Delhi NCR including lower al spaces, university area, popular markets, main roads and ring roads, bus terminals and metro stations. Safety audits were done in all parts of Delhi NCR including low income communities and the resettlement areas. At Present, there are over 1200 safety audit pins in Delhi NCR. Download Complete Delhi Report in Pdf
The findings of the study using the mobile application called ‘Safetipin’ undertaken by Sakhi Women’s Resource Centre, Thiruvananthapuram with the support of ‘Safetipin’, as a continuation of Safe City Free of Violence against Women and Girls Initiative in Kerala are presented here.The complete report can be downloaded here. Below are some of the finding of the report. ‘Safetipin’ Initiative in Kerala ‘Safetipin’ initiative in Kerala was launched as a follow up of the Safe City Free of Violence against Women and Girls Initiative with a hope to accelerate the process of transforming our cities into safer places. The study was conducted by Sakhi Women’s Resource Centre, Thiruvananthapuram with the support of ‘Safetipin’. The project period in Thiruvananthapuram was four months, from July to October, 2014. Thirty areas in the city were identified for safety auditing and to gather information on safety. In each selected area 25 audits were conducted. By the end of August 800 audits were completed in Thiruvananthapuram. ANALYSIS AND FINDING The survey helped in understanding the level of public infrastructure in Thiruvananthapuram city. It also resulted in finding out the correlation between visibility of women in the cities after dark and the level of public infrastructure. The audit team faced several issues of moral policing, catcalling and stalking during the audits. In Thiruvananthapuram, the safety auditors were selected students from Loyola College of Social Sciences, Sreekariyam and other interested students who approached Sakhi, of which 8 were men and 9 were women. A total of 800 audits were completed in 30 different areas in Thiruvananthapuram Corporation between July and August, 2014. In Map 1, Green pins indicate areas which are safe, amber pins for less safe places and red pins for unsafe placesThe study shows that, despite being the capital city of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram is far behind in ensuring the feeling of safety. Graph 2 indicates the score of each safety audit parameter on a scale (0-3). Findings from the audits show that four parameters have lowest rating. These are gender diverse spaces, presence of visible security personnel and walk path. This means that the city does not have the presence of enough women in public places, very few visible security personnel (private and public) in the city, and no proper walk paths in most of the areas. All other parameters such as availability of public transport, lighting, openness, visibility (which is how well you can be seen by others in a public space) and crowd, the score are higher.
About SafetiPin Safetipin mobile safety app is a maps app which works to make our communities and cities safer by providing safety-related information collected by users and professionally trained auditors. At the core of the app is the Safety Audit. It consists of a set of 9 parameters that together contribute to the perception of safety. Each audit results in a pin on the specific location where the audit was performed and also records the time and date. In this Report Safety audits in DLF phase II, Gurgaon Major finding Way forward Safety Audits in DLF phase II, Gurgaon These safety audits were done using the SafetiPin mobile safety app. In the audits done for DLF phase II, Gurgaon, we have marked the area from IFFCO chowk to Sikandarpur Metro station, extending till Shyam Chowk on the Delhi-Jaipur highway. This border covers the residential areas of Phase II and main roads on its circumference. We have 137 audit points inside the residential area and main roads, with most audits done after dark (6-10pm). Major Findings From our safety audits done, it was seen that Light and Security are two areas that needs improvement in DLF Phase 2. The graph below indicates the score of each safety audit parameter on a scale of 0-3 (0 being the least and 3 being the maximum) Comparing the feeling of safety with various parameters, it was found that security, availability of public transport, walk path and visibility were the factors that contribute the most to the feeling of safety of people. On security, specifically, it was noted that though private security was available on few streets, the DLF guards were absent on most of the entry/exit points.
Safety Audits DTC Bus Terminals, Delhi Safety audits were conducted at 6 DTC Bus Terminals in Delhi – Azadpur Bus Terminal Shahadra Bus Terminal Shivaji Stadium Bus Terminal Nehru Place Bus Terminal Mehrauli Bus Terminal Uttam Nagar Bus Terminal These safety audits were done using the SafetiPin mobile safety app. Audits at the terminal were conducted in August 2014, between 6- 8 pm, so that the level of light at the terminal could be measured. On an average, 12 safety audits were conducted at each terminal at the main terminal as well as the 30 meters of area outside the terminal. Safety Audit Parameters: Light – How is the light in the area, dark, poorly lit, enough light or brightly lit Openness – Is the area open enough for clear line of sight in all directions or are there blind corners. Visibility – Are there buildings, shops, stalls, and vendors around that overlook at the point where the safety audit is done. People – Are there people in sight. Security – Is there visible private security or police in the surrounding area. Walk Path – Is walk path available and in good condition. Gender Usage – Are there enough women and children in the crowd to balance the gender diversity. Recommendations for DTC Bus Terminals: Provide proper light at the terminals for clear vision of the area. Appoint security guards to monitor activities at the terminal, which will improve the overall safety of the terminal. Build good walk paths to enable people to access the terminal better. Walk paths with ramps will make the terminal disabled friendly. Provide seating across the terminal to encourage more people, especially women, elderly and children to wait inside the bus terminal. Build public toilets inside the terminal to encourage people to access the main terminal, and use the area. Have stalls or vendors inside the terminal who can overlook at the main terminal and keep an eye on the activities. Mehrauli Bus Terminal The safety audits were done using the SafetiPin mobile app, to identify the key factors that contribute to making the terminal safe/unsafe. Safety audits were done at 12 points after 6 pm so that the level of light could also be measured. Overall, the terminal can be divided into three areas The first area (Entrance) is the path followed by buses entering the terminal. This area has safety audit ratings of 2 and 3. The area is dark, there are no people present and the pavement is broken. The second area (Main Terminal) is where buses wait and includes the offices and the park in front. There is ambient light here. However, toilets are closed; there is no gender diversity, and no proper walk path. Rating here is between 4 and 5. The third area (Exit) is at the exit of the terminal. There are some shops there and many people wait. The road is also better. The rating here is 6 and 7. Major Findings: Area Av Rating Description Comment Lighting 1.5 – Below Average Entrance and exit has light because of nearby shops, but inside there is very poor lighting. The park area is also dark. Lighting inside needs to be improved Openness 1.0 – Below Average Since the terminal is covered from two sides and the buses are parked occupying most of the space, the area is open enough. Acceptable level. No action required Visibility 1.3 – Below Average The exit stretch has eating outlets which ensures visibility of people standing inside the terminal. But that is not the case on the entrance stretch. Since people don't use the entrance much, focus should be on the exit and inside. If the entrance to the ticket area could face the front of the terminal, that would improve visibility. Crowd 1.4 – Below Average Crowd is mostly on the exit stretch and outside the terminal waiting to board the buses. Inside it is primarily the DTC staff. Since people currently do not use the entrance, we suggest focusing on the exit and main terminal. Providing benches for waiting would enhance the number of people. Security 0.4 – Poor The terminal had hardly any visible public or private security in the area. A security guard can be appointed for the bus terminal who can monitor the activities in the terminal and his presence will also discourage incidences of harassment. Walk Path 0.8 – Poor Partially constructed walk paths with broken ends. Repair work should be undertaken on the pathways. Additionally ramps maybe added as well to make the terminal more accessible for people with disabilities. Gender Usage 1.1 – Below Average There wasn’t much gender diversity as there were very few women present at the shops and exit point of the terminal. Add benches in the terminal for women to wait for buses. Our recommendations on the areas are: Well-lit areas: The Entrance area does not need to be frequented by people and hence improvement is not a priority. It would be useful though to at least ensure that the area is lit. Re-arrangement of terminal office: If possible, the entrance to the ticketing area and toilets should be from the side facing the front of the terminal to improve visibility and therefore a feeling of safety Provide benches at the terminal: The Exit area could be fitted with benches for people to sit while waiting for the bus. Re-Open the Public Toilets: Public toilets in the bus terminal were locked. This had let to the men urinating in the park that is inside the terminal. Coupled with broken walk ways and pavements, it has led to the area becoming very uncomfortable for women and children. We suggest that the public toilets be (re) opened for use and kept clean so that people access them. We also suggest that the park be well lit so that sufficient lighting discourages the men from urinating in the open. If the park is safe it will allow women and children to come and sit inside as they wait for their bus instead of standing outside the bus terminal. Proper Signage: The signage to the office should also be visible so that people know where it is located. Azadpur Bus Terminal The safety audits were done using the SafetiPin safety app, to identify the key factors that contribute to making the terminal safe/unsafe. Safety audits were done at 11 points after 6 pm so that the level of light could also be measured. Overall, the terminal can be divided into three areas The first area (Entrance) is the path followed by buses entering the terminal. This area has safety audit rating is mostly 6. The area is well lit, there are few people present and walk path is fair enough to walk on. The second area (Main Terminal) is where buses wait and includes the offices and the space where passengers board and de-board the buses. There is good light here and diverse crowd. Rating here is between 7 and 8. The third area (Exit) is at the exit of the terminal. There are some street vendors at the exit point and many people wait here. The rating here is 8 and 9. It is well lit with adequate crowd around. Major Findings Area Av Rating Description Comment Light 2.1 – Above average Across the terminal there is good light. Closer to the main road acts as added advantage to lighting in and around the terminal. No action required. Openness 1.7 – Above average The terminal is wide enough for comfortable visibility of the area around. No action required. Visibility 1.5 – average There are small shops and few street vendors outside the terminal that keep an eye on the entrance and exit of the terminal. However, there are no shops or vendors to overlook at the main terminal. Public toilets inside the terminal will improve the visibility of crowd waiting inside the terminal. Allowing some vendors to sell water etc inside the terminal will also help in visibility. Crowd 1.5 – average Main terminal and the exit area has sufficient crowd. The entrance of the terminal is less used by people. Since there is no purpose for people to access the entrance area of the terminal, no action is required. Security 1.0 – Below average There is visible security at the main terminal. However, no security at the two opening points of the terminal. Considering that the terminal is sizable, it will help to let the security guard patrol the whole area. Walk Path 2.2 – Above average Walk paths are available and in good condition. No action required. Gender Usage 1.2 – Below average Women and children occupied mostly the main terminal area. The entrance and exit areas had relatively poor diversity in the crowd. Infrastructural facilities like public toilets, benches across the terminal etc will encourage women and children to use the terminal more. Our recommendations on the areas are: Have public toilets and office sign boards: The Main Terminal should have working toilets and if possible, proper sign boards for offices at the terminal. This will improve the overall comfort level of the terminal. Have Benches inside the terminal: The main terminal area could be fitted with proper benches for people to sit while waiting for the bus. This will encourage more people, especially women, to wait inside the terminal, making it safer. Security patrolling: There is little visible security at the entrance and exit area. If possible, security should not be stationary move around terminal. Shivaji Bus Terminal The safety audits were done using the SafetiPin mobile safety app, to identify the key factors that contribute to making the terminal safe/unsafe. Safety audits were done at 10 points after 6 pm so that the level of light could also be measured. . Overall, the terminal can be divided into three areas: The first area is the path followed by the DTC buses to enter and exit the terminal. This area has safety audit ratings of 7 and 8. It has enough light, some crowd on the street and enough shops and street vendor facing towards the terminal. Public toilet is available here. The Second area is main terminal where the buses are parked. The safety rating of this area is 4 and 6. There is enough light in the area. However, the crowd is less, with no gender diversity. There are no shops around and NDMC academy is closed. The third area is where the passengers wait to board the bus. Safety rating in this area is 7 and 8. There is enough light, sufficient crowd and gender diversity. Walk paths are in good condition. Major Findings: Area Av Rating Description Comment Light 2 – Above average The terminal is well lit with enough sources of light, both inside and outside No action required. Openness 1.9 – Above average The terminal is open enough. People are able to see in most of the directions. No action required. Visibility 1.1 – Below average There are street vendors and eating joints at the entrance and the area where passengers wait for buses. These vendors keep an eye on the place. However, there are no shops or vendors that overlook the area where the buses are parked. Since people do not use the area where the buses are parked, no action is required. Crowd 1.9 – Above average Overall the terminal is adequately crowded except for the area where buses are parked. There is no crowd beyond the point where public toilets are built. Since there is no need for the crowd to access the area where the buses are parked, no action is required. Security 1.2 – Below average There is minimal private security available at the terminal. There is only one guard in the area where passengers are allowed to wait for the buses. Considering that the terminal is big enough, it will help to ask the security guard patrol the whole area. This will help monitoring activities across the terminal and improve security. Walk Path 2 – Above average Paths are available in every section of the terminal and are in good condition An alternate positioning of the street vendors within the terminal instead of the walk path will make it barrier free. Gender Usage 1.1 – Below average There was a relatively diverse population where the passengers wait for the buses and inside the main terminal. Adequate infrastructure within the terminal will create a comfortable space for women, elderly and children maintaining the diversity of the terminal. Our recommendations on the areas are: Appointing security: Some security should be appointed to ensure the harassment-free environment at the terminal. Putting benches: Benches should be put around the area where the passengers wait to board the bus. Nehru Place bus terminal The safety audits were done using the SafetiPin mobile app, to identify the key factors that contribute to making the terminal safe/unsafe. Safety audits were done at 13 points after 7 pm so that the level of light could also be measured. Overall, the terminal can be divided into three areas The first area (Entrance) is the path followed by buses entering the terminal. This area has safety audit ratings of 4 and 5. The area is dark, there are few people present just outside the terminal and the pavement is broken. The second area (Main Terminal) is where buses wait and includes the sheds where passengers wait for the buses. There is poor light here, the only source being the construction site behind the terminal. Rating here is between 4 and 5. The third area (Exit) is at the exit of the terminal. Many people wait near the exit area and there is some diversity in the crowd. The food stalls outside the terminal help in providing visibility of the crowd waiting near the exit. The rating here is between 5 and 6. Major Findings: Area Av Rating Description Comment Light 0.5 – Poor The only source of light at the terminal is from the construction site behind the terminal. Light poles are damaged and terminal is dark after sunset. Have proper sources of light at the terminal to improve safety. Openness 1.1 – Below average Terminal is not used effectively to accommodate the buses waiting there because of which people are not able to see ahead in all directions. The rear side of the terminal should be used for parking of the buses to ensure that it doesn’t get over crowded and congested at the bus stop inside the terminal. Visibility 0.5 – Poor There are a few food stalls outside the terminal that overlook the entrance and exit of the terminal. However, there are no shops to keep an eye on the activities inside the terminal. If the canteen and public toilets are re-opened, it will help in improving visibility of the main terminal. Crowd 1.5 – Average More people wait at the terminal exit. There is little crowd at the entrance and main terminal. Improving the light and walk path at the terminal will encourage people to wait for the buses inside the terminal. Security 0 – None There is a security room at the terminal but no security guard inside or at the terminal was seen. Appointing a security will help monitoring the activities at the terminal and in general make it a safer place. Walk Path 1.1 – Below average A good walk path is available where passengers board the bus. However, the path at the entrance that leads to the main terminal and exit area is broken. Re-building the walk path in front of the terminal office will allow the crowd to access the facilities well. Also, considering the lack of space at the terminal, good walk paths will reduce chances of accidents at the terminal. Gender Usage 0.7 - Poor Gender diversity in the crowd at the terminal was low. Only few women and children were present at the main terminal and exit area. Opening the public toilets will encourage women and children to access the main terminal area. Overall improved infrastructure will also help in improving gender diversity in the crowd. Our recommendations on the areas are: Appointing Security: Security guards should be appointed, which will contribute to making the terminal safer. Proper source of light: Light at the terminal should be improved. Light poles need to be fixed since some of them had no light bulbs or holders missing. Repair the walk path: Walk path is poor and should be repaired to improve the accessibility of terminal. Re-open public toilets: Public toilets are available but locked. They should be re-opened for the public at the terminal, which will encourage the people to access more of the main terminal instead of crowding at the exit point. This will improve gender diversity and safety as well. There is little space for the buses to enter the terminal. Re-arrangement of the area around the entrance point can reduce the incidences of unfortunate accidents at the terminal. In the above map of Nehru Place bus terminal, the red pin with score 2 is the area near the exit, where buses had overcrowded the space, the area was littered and men were seen urinating. Proper lighting and open public toilets will discourage such activities at the terminal. Shahadra Bus Terminal The safety audits were done using the SafetiPin mobile app, to identify the key factors that contribute to making the terminal safe/unsafe. Safety audits were done at 10 points after 7 pm so that the level of light could also be measured. Overall, the terminal can be divided into three areas The first area (Entrance) is the path followed by buses entering the terminal. This area has safety audit ratings of 6. The area is well lit and the walk path is in good condition. However, the security and crowd is low. The second area (Main Terminal) is where buses are parked and includes passengers waiting to board the bus. There is enough light here. However, there is no security and visibility of the crowd inside the terminal. Rating here is between 5 and 6. The third area (Exit) is at the exit of the terminal. There are some street stalls there and many people wait. The road is also good. The rating here is 7 and 8. Major Findings: Area Av Rating Description Comment Light 1.9 – Above average Overall the bus terminal is well lit with light poles functioning. The terminal offices are also well lit and there is ample light from the street lights from main road. No Action required. Openness 2.0 – Above average The terminal is quite open. People are able to look in most of the directions. No action required. Visibility 0.8 – Poor There are few food stalls outside the terminal that overlook the entrance and exit of the terminal. However, there are no shops to keep an eye on the activities inside the terminal. If we can move the terminal offices a little to the front, the people looking after the office can easily overlook the main terminal. This will improve visibility of the crowd inside the bus terminal. Crowd 1.3 – Below average There is considerable crowd at the exit of the terminal. However, there are only few people at the entrance and main terminal area. Having public toilets and stalls that sell water etc will encourage the crowd to access the main terminal area. Security 0.3 – Poor There is no visible security at the terminal. The only known security is at the shops across the street. Appointing a security guard will ensure safety at the terminal and encourage more people to use the main terminal. Walk Path 2.9 – Excellent Walk path is well constructed and comfortable to walk on, without any interference. No action required. Gender Usage 1.0 – Below average Gender diversity in the crowd at the terminal is low at the main terminal and entrance. Despite the benches available, women and children chose to use benches available near the exit area Having public toilets and food stalls will encourage more women and children to access the main terminal area. Our recommendations on the areas are: Appointing security: Patrolling by security guardsat the terminal should be considered since the visibility of crowd inside the main terminal is low and gender diversity is not good. Building public toilets: Crowd and gender diversity inside the terminal can be improved by having public toilets. Uttam Nagar DTC Bus Terminal The safety audits were done using the SafetiPin mobile app, to identify the key factors that contribute to making the terminal safe/unsafe. Safety audits were done at 13 points after 7 pm so that the level of light could also be measured. Overall, the terminal can be divided into three areas The first area (Entrance) is the path followed by buses entering the terminal. This area has safety audit ratings of 8 and 9. The area is well lit and the walk path is in good condition. The second area (Main Terminal) is where buses are parked and includes passengers waiting to board the bus. There is ambient light here. However, offices at the terminal are locked. Rating here is between 5 and 6. The third area (Exit) is at the exit of the terminal. There are some street stalls there and many people wait. The road is also good. The rating here is 7 and 8. Major Findings: Area Av Rating Description Comment Light 1.8 – Above average Light across the terminal is good. Facing the main road gives it an added advantage of light from outside the terminal as well. No action required. Openness 2.0 – Above average The terminal is wide and open and people are able to look around in most directions. No action required. Visibility 1.3 – Below average Small shops outside the terminal can keep an eye on the activities at the entrance and exit of the terminal. However, there are no shops or vendors overlooking inside the terminal. Re-opening the terminal offices will improve the visibility is crowd inside the main terminal. Crowd 1.5 – Average There is less crowd at the entrance and main terminal area. Main terminal area is wide and the crowd is scattered in small groups. More people wait near the exit of the terminal. Since people currently do not use the entrance, we suggest focusing on the exit and main terminal. Having functional toilets and proper security will give more and safer accessibility to the crowd. Security 1.1 – Below Average There is no visible security at the terminal. Appointing security guards will improve the overall safety of the terminal and encourage more people to wait inside the terminal. Walk Path 2.1 – Above average Overall the walk path at the terminal is good. No action required. Gender Usage 1.7 – Above average Women and children mostly access the space around the entrance and exit of the terminal, as compared to the main terminal. Having public toilets and benches to sit inside the terminal will encourage women and children to wait for the buses at the main terminal. Our recommendations on the areas are: Improve Security: Appointing security for the terminal should be considered since the visibility of crowd inside the main terminal is low. Functional offices and public toilets: Crowd and gender diversity inside the terminal can be improved by having functional offices and public toilets.